Predictors associated with and the prevalence of condylomata acuminata infection among people in Southern Brazil
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Published:
Mar 9, 2021
Keywords:
sexually transmitted diseases, human papillomavirus, prevalence
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Abstract
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of condylomata acuminata/HPV and evaluate associated predictors in infected patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional and retrospective study, medical records of patients who attended a public health referral center located in Southern Brazil, Parana, between April 2012 and March 2017 were reviewed. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed using the chi-square and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The overall prevalence of condylomata acuminata/HPV in 3,447 patients was 33.1% (n = 1,140). Coinfection of condylomata/HPV with other STI was noted in 23.7% (n = 270) of cases. The population was characterized by a high prevalence (43.8%) in patients aged < 20 years, women (37.4%), white (33.3%), educational level with more than 8 years of study (33.7%), widowed (39.2%), heterosexual (36.7%), and ages between 13 and 19 years at first sexual intercourse (41.1%). A significant association was observed between male sex and multiple partners and between male sex and irregular use of condoms (p < 0.001). The predictors associated with HPV infection were the age group of up to 29 years (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.7, p < 0.013) and homosexual/bisexual (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.12–0.66, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The findings showed a high prevalence of condylomata acuminata in a public health center study, with emphasis on the age range below the third decade of life and sexual behavior predictors. These predictors are important for the determination of preventive measures against the transmission of infection and the development of cancer.
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Peder LD de, Silva CM da, Madeira HS, Malizan JA, Nascimento BL, Horvath JD, Silva ES, Teixeira JJV. Predictors associated with and the prevalence of condylomata acuminata infection among people in Southern Brazil. Health Sci J [Internet]. 2021Mar.9 [cited 2024Apr.28];11(1):22-0. Available from: https://portalrcs.hcitajuba.org.br/index.php/rcsfmit_zero/article/view/1021
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Muñoz N, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S, Herrero R, Castellsagué X, Shah KV, et al.; International Agency for Research on Cancer Multicenter Cervical Cancer Study Group. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(6):518-27 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa021641 PMid:12571259
Crosbie EJ, Einstein MH, Franceschi S, Kitchener HC. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet. 2013;382(9895):889-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60022-7
Nelson EL, Stockdale CK. Vulvar and vaginal HPV disease. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2013;40(2):359-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2013.03.003 PMid:23732036
Hoots BE, Palefsky JM, Pimenta JM, Smith JS. Human papillomavirus type distribution in anal cancer and anal intraepithelial lesions. Int J Cancer. 2009;124(10):2375-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.24215 PMid:19189402
Damin DC, Ziegelmann PK, Damin AP. Human papillomavirus infection and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15(8):e420-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.12257 PMid:23895733
Wolf R, Davidovici B. Treatment of genital warts: Facts and controversies. Clin Dermatol. 2010;28(5):546-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.013 PMid:20797516
Ghosh I, Ghosh P, Bharti AC, Mandal R, Biswas J, Basu P. Prevalence of human papillomavirus and co-existent sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers, men having sex with men and injectable drug abusers from eastern India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(3):799-802. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.3.799 PMid:22631651
von Krogh G, Lacey CJ, Gross G, Barrasso R, Schneider A; European Course on HPV Associated Pathology (ECHPV); European Branch of the International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infection and the European Office of the World Health Organization. European guideline for the management of anogenital warts. Int J STD AIDS. 2001;12 Suppl 3:40-7. https://doi.org/10.1258/0956462011924100 PMid: 11589796
Chan PKS, Luk ACS, Luk TNM, Lee KF, Cheung JLK, Ho KM, et al. Distribution of human papillomavirus types in anogenital warts of men. J Clin Virol. 2009;44(2):111-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2008.11.001 PMid:19097933
Insinga RP, Dasbach EJ, Elbasha EH. Assessing the annual economic burden of preventing and treating anogenital human papillomavirus-related disease in the US: Analytic framework and review of the literature. Pharmacoeconomics. 2005;23(11):1107-22. https://doi.org/10.2165/00019053-200523110-00004 PMid:16277547
Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Estimativa 2016: incidência e cancer no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2015 [cited 2021 Feb 01]. 122 p. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/2MiNnT4
Myers ER, McCrory DC, Nanda K, Bastian L, Matchar DB. Mathematical model for the natural history of human papillomavirus infection and cervical carcinogenesis. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151(12):1158-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010166 PMid:10905528
Burd EM. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jan;16(1):1-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.16.1.1-17.2003 PMid:12525422 PMCid:PMC145302
Satterwhite CL, Torrone E, Meites E, Dunne EF, Mahajan R, Ocfemia MC, et al. Sexually transmitted infections among US women and men: prevalence and incidence estimates, 2008. Sex Transm Dis. 2013;40(3):187-93. https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318286bb53 PMid:23403598
Smith JS, Melendy A, Rana RK, Pimenta JM. Age-specific prevalence of infection with human papillomavirus in females: a global review. J Adolesc Health. 2008;43(4 Suppl):S5-25, S25.e1-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.009 PMid:18809145
Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagué X, Ferrer E, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: meta-analysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. J Infect Dis. 2010;202(12):1789-99. https://doi.org/10.1086/657321 PMid:21067372
Ayres ARG, Azevedo e Silva G. Cervical HPV infection in Brazil: Systematic review. Rev Saúde Pública. 2010;44(5):963-74. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102010000500023 PMid:20877926
Bruni L, Barrionuevo-Rosas L, Albero G, Serrano B, Mena M, Gómez D, Muñoz J, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S. ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in the World. Summary Report 27 July 2017.
Freire MP, Pires D, Forjaz R, Sato S, Cotrim I, Stiepcich M, Scarpellini B, Truzzi JC. Genital prevalence of HPV types and co-infection in men. Int Braz J Urol. 2014;40(1):67-71. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.01.10 PMid:24642151
Ayres ARG, Silva GA e. Cervical HPV infection in Brazil: systematic review. Rev Saude Publica. 2010;44(5):963-74. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102010000500023 PMid:20877926
Ministério Público do Paraná. Saúde Pública. Regionais de Saúde - Centro de Apoio Operacional das Promotorias de Proteção à Saúde Pública. Avaiable from: https://saude.mppr.mp.br/modules/conteudo/conteudo.php?conteudo=522.
Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. PLoS Med. 2007;4(10):1623-7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040296 PMid:17941714 PMCid:PMC2020495
Rio de Janeiro. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Guia de Referência Rápida: Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2021 Feb 01];44. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/2YAkJz7
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Resolução 466/2012/CNS/MS/CONEP. Diário Oficial da União. 2013 Jun 13;Sec 1:59. Avaiable from: https://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2012/Reso466.pdf
de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30716 PMid:28369882 PMCid:PMC5520228
Inca. Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Estimativa 2016: incidência de câncer no Brasil/Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2015.
Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999;189(1):12-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(199909)189:1%3C12::aid-path431%3E3.0.co;2-f PMid: 10451482
Ribeiro AA, Costa MC, Alves RRF, Villa LL, Saddi VA, Carneiro MADS, et al. HPV infection and cervical neoplasia: associated risk factors. Infect Agent Cancer. 2015;10:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-015-0011-3 PMid:26244052 PMCid:PMC4524198
Tota JE, Chevarie-Davis M, Richardson LA, Devries M, Franco EL. Epidemiology and burden of HPV infection and related diseases: implications for prevention strategies. Prev Med. 2011;53 Suppl 1:S12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.08.017 PMid:21962466
Al-Daraji WI, Smith JH. Infection and cervical neoplasia: facts and fiction. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009;2(1):48-64. PMid: 18830380 PMCid: PMC2491386
Liu ZC, Liu WD, Liu YH, Ye XH, Chen SD. Multiple sexual partners as a potential independent risk factor for cervical cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(9):3893-900. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.9.3893 PMid:25987056
Lomalisa P, Smith T, Guidozzi F. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and invasive cervical cancer in South Africa. Gynecol Oncol. 2000;77(3):460-3. https://doi.org/10.1006/gyno.2000.5775 PMid:10831360
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