Doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica: Revisão de literatura / Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: literature review
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Abstract
A Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica (DHGNA) é uma condição clínica patológica comum em adultos. Embora tenha características histopatológicas semelhantes às encontradas na hepatite alcoólica, suas causas não são plenamente conhecidas. Verifica-se que a maioria dos pacientes com DHGNA apresenta ausência de sinais e sintomas e suas formas agravantes aparecem como a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade ligadas a doenças hepáticas. A DHGNA está associada à obesidade, resistência à insulina, ao sedentarismo, e à adoção de hábitos alimentares inadequados. O sedentarismo, índices antropométricos elevados e a obesidade, contribuem para o surgimento e desenvolvimento da DHGNA. Desse modo, acredita-se que devam ser prioridades nas ações em beneficio da saúde, diagnosticar, orientar e estimular mudanças do estilo de vida, com hábitos alimentares mais saudáveis e o estímulo à prática regular de exercício físico, reduzindo assim os riscos para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e prevenindo as complicações e desfechos desfavoráveis. Neste sentido, deve-se promover, sensibilizar e educar a população em geral, com a finalidade de melhorar o estilo de vida e reduzir a mortalidade relacionada às doenças hepáticas.
Palavras Chave: Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica, Esteatose Hepática, Exercício Físico.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological medical condition common in adults. Although histopathological features similar to those found in alcoholic hepatitis, its causes are not fully known. It seems that most patients with NAFLD have no signs or symptoms and their ggravating ways can appear as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with liver disease. NAFLD is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle, and the adoption of eating habits. Physical inactivity, obesity and high anthropometric indexes contribute to the emergence and development of chronic oncommunicable diseases. Thus, we believe that there should be priorities in the actions for the benefit of health, diagnosing, guiding and encouraging changes in lifestyle with healthy eating habits and motivation of the regular practice of physical exercise, for reducing the risks of chronic diseases and preventing complications. In this sense, we should promote and educate the general population in order to improve the In this sense, we should promote and educate the general population in order to improve the lifestyle and reduce mortality related to liver disease
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Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatic steatosis, Physical exercise
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