Hiperplasia de Músculo Liso no Epidídimo: Revisão de Literatura/Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia of the Epididymis: A Literature Review
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Abstract
O epidídimo pode ser acometido por hiperplasia ou neoplasia, benigna ou maligna, sempre diferenciadas pelo estudo histopatológico. Ele tem como função coletar, amadurecer e armazenar espermatozóides constantemente produzidos pelos túbulos seminíferos. Patologias do epidídimo acometem homens na puberdade, o que pode resultar em alterações na maturação dos espermatozóides e até mesmo levar a infertilidade. A conduta dessa afecção é cirúrgica e pode ser desde ressecção da tumoração preservando-se estruturas hígidas como, por exemplo, os testículos, em casos benignos, até exploração peritoneal para esvaziamento linfonodal mais orquiectomia, em casos malignos. O objetivo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre hiperplasia do epidídimo que auxilie no diagnóstico e tratamento precoces que diminuam a mortalidade, morbidade e sequelas dos pacientes. Como a patologia em questão tem baixa incidência, com predomínio de casos benignos e evolução sem complicações, conclui-se que há a necessidade de mais análises sobre o tema para melhor elucidar seu tratamento e, principalmente, as consequências.
Palavras-chave: Epidídimo, Hiperplasia, Músculo Liso.
ABSTRACT
The epididymis may be affected by hyperplasia or neoplastic cells, always differentiated by histopathological study. It has the function of collecting, maturing and storing sperm that are constantly produced by the seminiferous tubules. Pathologies of epididymis affect male puberty, which may result in changes in the maturation of sperm and even lead to infertility. The conduct in this condition can be from a tumor resection preserving healthy structures such as, for example, the testicles, in benign cases, while in malignant cases chooses whether the peritoneal exploration for a lymph node dissection plus orchiectomy. The purpose was to conduct a literature review of hyperplasia of the epididymis that helps in the diagnosis and early treatment, which can lead to lower risk of mortality and morbidity allowing a decrease in the sequelae of patients. The pathology in question has an extremely low incidence, with a predominante of benign cases and uneventful evolution, so it is concluded that is necessary more analysis on the topic to better elucidate their treatment and especially the consequentes.
Keywords: Epididymis, hyperplasia, smooth muscle.
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