Ativador do Plasminogênio Tecidual (tPA)/ Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Cérebro (BDNF) e a Consolidação da Memória/ Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)/ Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and the Consolidation of Memory
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Abstract
O Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Cérebro (BDNF) participa de processos de plasticidade sináptica subjacentes à aprendizagem e memória. Esta proteína possui diversas isoformas, sendo a isoforma BDNF-maduro envolvida nas mudanças neuronais da memória. Além disso, foi demonstrado que a consolidação da memória aversiva depende do Ativador do Plasminogênio Tecidual (tPA), enzima que estabelece a formação do BDND-maduro na fenda sináptica garantindo os processos neuroplásticos da aprendizagem. Para esta revisão de literatura, foram selecionados 37 trabalhos, dentre eles 36 artigos científicos e 1 livro. A consolidação da memória requer a ativação gênica para síntese de novas proteínas, sendo a tPA e o BDNF algumas das principais moléculas neuronais expressas no hipocampo, amigdala, córtex frontal em diferentes momentos após o início da aprendizagem, ativando uma série de eventos moleculares que levam ao aumento da expressão de outras proteínas, garantindo assim a regulação fina da plasticidade neuronal necessária para a memória.
Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem, Memória, Consolidação, tPA, BDNF-maduro
ABSTRACT
The Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) participates in synaptic plasticity processes underlying learning and memory. This protein has several isoforms, mature-BDNF one isoform involved in neuronal memory changes. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the consolidation of aversive memory depends on the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), an enzyme that establishes the formation of the mature BDND-synaptic cleft, guaranteeing neuroplastic learning processes. For this literature review, we selected 37 works, including 36 scientific articles and one book. The consolidation of memory for gene activation requires new protein synthesis, tPA and BDNF and some of the major neuronal molecules expressed in the hippocampus, amygdala, frontal cortex at different times after the start of learning, activating a series of molecular events leading the increased expression of other proteins, thereby ensuring tight regulation of neuronal plasticity required for the memory.
Keywords: Learning, Memory, Consolidation, tPA, mature-BDNF
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