Aspectos epidemiológicos e anatomopatológicos do câncer pulmonar diagnosticado em laboratório de um hospital do Sul de Minas Gerais/ Epidemiological and anatomopathological aspects of lung cancer diagnosed in a laboratory in a hospital in the South of Minas Gerais
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Abstract
Introdução: O câncer de pulmão é o terceiro mais comum no Brasil e no mundo, depois do câncer de mama e de próstata. Destacam-se, como fatores de risco, tabagismo, sexo, idade, exposição a determinados agentes químicos, fatores genéticos, doenças pulmonares prévias e hábitos alimentares. O objetivo desse estudo é identificar os aspectos epidemiológicos e anatomopatológicos do câncer pulmonar. Métodos: Foram avaliados 180 laudos e prontuários dos pacientes submetidos a biópsia pulmonar no período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2014. Os dados foram descritos sob a forma de frequência relativa e absoluta. Resultados: Dos 180 laudos e prontuários analisados, 70 (40%) foram positivos para malignidade. Destes os dois tipos histológicos mais comuns foram adenocarcinoma e carcinoma epidermoide. O sexo masculino (54%) foi discretamente mais acometido que o feminino (46%). A faixa etária maior que 65 anos foi a de maior incidência. Não foi possível identificar dados completos acerca do consumo de tabagismo. Conclusão: O câncer pulmonar, nesse estudo, foi mais incidente no sexo masculino, o tipo histológico mais encontrado foi o adenocarcinoma e faixa etária mais acometida foi, principalmente, a mais idosa.
Introduction: Lung cancer is the third most common cancer in Brazil and in the world, after breast and prostate cancer. Risk factors include smoking, sex, age, exposure to chemical agents, genetic factors, previous pulmonary diseases and eating habits. The aim of this study is to identify the epidemiological and anatomopathological aspects of lung cancer. Methods: Data were collected from 180 anatomopathological reports and medical records from patients submitted to lung biopsies between January 2009 and December 2014. Data were collected and described as relative and absolute frequency. Results: Among the 180 reports and medical records analyzed, 70 (40%) were positive for malignacy. The two most common histological types were adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma. Men (54%) were slightly more affected than women (46%). The age group over 65 years old was the most affected. It was not possible to obtain complete data above smoking habits. Conclusion: Lung cancer in this study was more frequent in males, the most common histological type was adenocarcinoma, and the age group affected was the oldest.
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