Prevalence and sensitivity profile of microorganisms isolated in tracheal aspirate from patients with mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prevalence and sensitivity profile of microorganisms isolated from tracheal secretion in patients with mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) in an intensive care unit, in order to outline the epidemiological profile and guide empirical therapy. Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted by collecting data from medical records of patients admitted to the ICU of Santa Casa de Misericordia de São João del-Rei in 2016. Initially, patients with positive tracheal secretion culture were selected and later identified those that fit the diagnosis of VAP, according to the criteria of the National Health Surveillance Agency. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most commonly isolated bacterium, representing 40%, followed by S. aureus, Acinetobacter baumanni and Klebsiella sp (13% each). Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter sp and Burkholderia cepacia accounted for 6.7% each. P. aeruginosa showed some resistance to ceftazidime (33%) and little resistance to cefepime, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and meropenem (16%). Conclusion: It was observed a high prevalence of gram-negative bacteria in ICU VAPs and high levels of antimicrobial resistance. Further studies are needed to follow this resistance profile, as it is a pattern that may vary over time.
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