Relationship between motivation for physical exercise and women's quality of life

Main Article Content

Naiara Santana Graciano
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-9773
Yara Lucy Fidelix
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-0565
Ana Luiza Barbosa Anversa
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-3433
José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Júnior
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-6967
Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-9003
Rose Mari Bennemann
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-6396
Fábio Ricardo Acencio
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-6196

Abstract

Objective: To identify motivational factors for the practice of physical exercises and their relationship with the quality of life (QoL)of women. Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted with 48 women practicing exercise in gyms aged between 19 and 59 years and with a mean age of 39.4 ± 11.7 years. Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2) and WHOQOL-Bref were used as instruments. The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, homogeneity of Levene's variances, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation (p < 0.05). Results: Older women are more motivated to exercise for health rehabilitation. The youngest had a higher score in the physical domain of quality of life. There was a significant, positive, and weak correlation of the physical domain with weight control (r = 0.24), appearance (r = 0.33), a weak and negative correlation of the physical domain with health rehabilitation (r = -0,33), a positive and weak correlation of the social domain with physical conditioning (r = 0.23), and a positive and weak correlation of the general QoL score with weight control (r = 0.23). Conclusion: The main motivational factor for the practice of physical exercise was preventing diseases, especially in the group of older women. Younger women had a better perception of the physical QoL domain, and correlations between some domains of QoL and motivation were observed.



Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Graciano NS, de Oliveira DV, Fidelix YL, Barbosa Anversa AL, Nascimento Júnior JRA do, Morais Freire GL, et al. Relationship between motivation for physical exercise and women’s quality of life. HSJ [Internet]. 2021 Jun. 23 [cited 2024 Nov. 22];11(2):35-42. Available from: https://portalrcs.hcitajuba.org.br/index.php/rcsfmit_zero/article/view/1052
Section
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Author Biographies

Naiara Santana Graciano, UNIPAR - Universidade Paranaense

Graduated in Physical Education at Universidade Paranaense. UNIPAR - Universidade Paranaense - Campus Cianorte. Parana Brazil.

Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira, State University of Maringá

PhD in Gerontology. Post-doctoral student in Physical Education at the State University of Maringá (UEM). Postgraduate Department in Physical Education, UEM. Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

Yara Lucy Fidelix, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

PhD in Physical Education. Professor in the Postgraduate Department in Physical Education at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF). Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Ana Luiza Barbosa Anversa, Centro Universitário Metropolitano de Maringá (Unifamma)

PhD in Physical Education. Professor at the Undergraduate Department in Physical Education at Centro Universitário Metropolitano de Maringá. Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Júnior, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

PhD in Physical Education. Professor in the Postgraduate Department in Physical Education at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco. Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

Master's student in Physical Education at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco. Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Rose Mari Bennemann, Cesumar University (UniCesumar)

PhD in Public Health. Professor in the Postgraduate Department in Health Promotion at Cesumar University (UniCesumar). Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

Fábio Ricardo Acencio, Cesumar University (UniCesumar)

PhD student in Physical Education at Cesumar University (UniCesumar). Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

References

Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100(2):126-31.

Thompson JL. Exercise in improving health vs. performance. Proceed Nutr Society. 2009;68(1):29-33. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665108008811 PMid:19040781

Coelho FGM, Gobbi S, Andreatto CAA, Corazza DI, Pedroso RV, Santos-Galduróz RF. Physical exercise modulates peripheral levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): a systematic review of experimental studies in the elderly. Arch Gerontol Geratr. 2013;56(1):10-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.06.003 PMid:22749404

Gomes A, Ramos S, Ferreira AR, Montalvão J, Ribeiro I, Lima F. La efectividad del ejercicio físico en el tratamiento de la depresión. Rev Port Enf Saúde Mental. 2019;22:58-64. https://doi.org/10.19131/rpesm.0264

Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1· 9 million participants. Lancet Global Health. 2018;6(10):e1077-e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Silva CA, Freire YA, Souza FJR, Flauzino PA, Sousa Junior AE, Vasconcelos Filho FSL, et al. Nível de atividade física e fatores de risco cardiometabólico em usuários da Atenção Básica à Saúde. Rev Bras Ed Física Esp. 2020;34(2):305-12. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-4690.v34i2p305-312

Nascimento TS, Mussi FC, Palmeira CS, Santos CAT, Santos MA. Fatores relacionados à inatividade física no lazer em mulheres obesas. Acta Paul Enferm. 2017;30(3):308-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201700047

Gomes GA, Papini CB, Nakamura PM, Teixeira IP, Kokubun E. Barreiras para prática de atividade física entre mulheres atendidas na Atenção Básica de Saúde. Rev Bras Cienc Esporte. 2019;41(3):263-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbce.2018.04.007

Rigby CS, Ryan RM. Self-Determination theory in human resource development: new directions and practical considerations. Adv Dev Hum Resour. 2018;20(2):133-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422318756954

Batista RPR, Freire GLM, Silva RM, Souza W, Silva BSS, Dias ED, et al. Fatores de motivação de praticantes de exercício físico da cidade de Petrolina-PE: um estudo comparativo. Psico Saúde Debate, 2020;6(2):49-61. https://doi.org/10.22289/2446-922X.V6N2A4

Dawalibi NW, Anacleto GMC, Witter C, Goulart RMM, Aquino RC. Envelhecimento e qualidade de vida: análise da produção científica da SciELO. Estud Psicol. 2013;30(3):393-403. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-166X2013000300009

Anversa ALB, Mantovi D, Antunes MD, Codonhato R, Oliveira DV. Qualidade de vida e imagem corporal de mulheres praticantes de musculação e ginástica. Psic Saúde Doenças. 2019;20(1):149-59. https://doi.org/10.15309/19psd200112

Abreu MO, Dias IS. Exercício físico, saúde mental e qualidade de vida na ESECS/IPL. Psic Saúde Doenças. 2017;18(2):512-26. https://doi.org/10.15309/17psd180219

Hernandes JC, Di Castro VC, Mendonça ME, Porto CC. Quality of life of women who practice dance: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev. 2018;7(1):92. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0750-5 PMid:29991355 PMCid:PMC6040078

Hunt SM. The problem of quality of life. Rev Qual Life Res. 1997;6(3):205-12. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026402519847 PMid:9226977

Oliveira DV, Ladeira A, Giacomin L, Pivetta N, Antunes M, Batista R, Nascimento Júnior JRA. Depressão, autoestima e motivação de idosos para a prática de exercícios físicos. Psic Saúde Doenças. 2019;20(3):803-12. https://doi.org/10.15309/19psd200319

Balbinotti MAA, Capozzoli CJ. Motivação à prática regular de atividade física: um estudo exploratório com praticantes em academias de ginástica. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2021 May 1];22(1):63-80. Avaiable from: https://www.revistas.usp.br/rbefe/article/view/16683

Gonçalves MP, Alchieri JC. Motivação à prática de atividades físicas: um estudo com praticantes não-atletas. Psico-USF. 2010;15(1):125-34. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-82712010000100013

Codonhato R, Caruzzo NM, Pona MC, Caruzzo AM, Vieira LV. Qualidade de vida e motivação de praticantes de exercício físico. Corpoconsciência [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 May 1];21(1):92-9. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3vEGY5D

Oliveira DA, Ferreira WS, Arantes JP. Motivação em praticantes de musculação. Rev Cient UMC [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2021 May 1];3(3):1-4. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/2RhFXkQ

Murcia JAM, Blanco MLSR, Galindo CM, Villodre NA, Coll DG. Efeitos do gênero, a idade e a frequência de prática na motivação e o desfrute do exercício físico. Fit Perf J [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2021 May 1];6(3):140-6. https://bit.ly/3eavCQR

Markland D, Ingledew DK. The measurement of exercise motives: factorial validity and invariance across gender of a revised Exercise Motivations Inventory. British J Health Psychol. 1997;2(4):361-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.1997.tb00549.x

Fleck MPA, Louzada S, Xavier M, Chachacmovich E, Vieira G, Santos L, et al. Aplicação da versão em português do instrumento abreviado de avaliação da qualidade de vida “WHOQOL-bref”. Rev Saúde Pública. 2000;34(2):178-83. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102000000200012 PMid:10881154

Santos SC, Knjnik JD. Motivos de adesão à prática de atividade física na vida adulta intermediária 1. Rev Mackenzie Educ Fís Esporte [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2021 May 1];5(1):23-34. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/2QLfZ9D

Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory: basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Ney York, NY: Guilford Publications; 2018. 756 pp. https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806

Telles TCB, Araruna LC, Almeida MS, Melo AK. Adesão e aderência ao exercício: um estudo bibliográfico. Rev Bras Psicol Esp. 2016;6(1):109-20. https://doi.org/10.31501/rbpe.v6i1.6725

Stødle IV, Debesay J, Pajalic Z, Lid IM, Bergland A. The experience of motivation and adherence to group-based exercise of Norwegians aged 80 and more: a qualitative study. Arch Public Health. 2019;77:26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-019-0354-0 PMid:31183078 PMCid:PMC6555722

Heiestad H, Rustaden AM, Bø K, Haaskstad LAH. Effect of regular resistance training on motivation, self-perceived health, and quality of life in previously inactive overweight women: A randomized, controlled trial. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:3815976. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3815976 PMid:27462608 PMCid:PMC4947637

Truccolo AB, Maduro PBA, Feijó EA. Fatores motivacionais de adesão a grupos de corrida. Motriz [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2021 May 1];14(2):108-14. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3eMGzXV

Pansera SM, Valentini NC, Souza MS, Berleze A. Motivação intrínseca e extrínseca: diferenças no sexo e na idade. Psicol Esc Educ, 2016;20(20):313-20. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-353920150202972

Costa IT, Samulski DM, Noce F, Costa VT. A importância da atividade física para a manutenção da saúde e os principais fatores que motivam professores, alunos e funcionários de duas universidades brasileiras a praticarem exercícios. Rev Bras Ativ Física Saúde [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2021 May 1];8(1):52-61. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3gQtGyJ

Fisher J, Sales A, Carlson L, Steele J. A comparison of the motivational factors between CrossFit participants and other resistance exercise modalities: a pilot study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(9):1227-34. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.16.06434-3 PMID: 27167711

Albuquerque DB, Silva ML, Miranda YHB, Freitas CMSM. Corrida de rua: uma análise qualitativa dos aspectos que motivam sua prática. R Bras Ci Mov. 2018;26(3):88-95. https://doi.org/10.31501/rbcm.v26i3.8940

Romero BF, Castanho GKF, Chiminazzo JGC, Barreira J, Fernandes PT. Motivação e atividade física: os projetos de extensão na universidade (motivação e atividade física). RPP. 2017;20(1):76-87. https://doi.org/10.5216/rpp.v20i1.44134

Silva TC, Freire GLM, Morais OSG, Nascimento Júnior JRA. Motivação, bem-estar e autoestima de praticantes de diferentes modalidades de exercício físico. Saúde Pesq. 2019;12(2):359-66. https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n2p359-366

Klain IP, Rombaldi A, Matos D, Leitão J. Adesão e desistência de programas de treino personalizado. Rev Iberoam Psicol Ejercício Deporte [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2021 may 1];11(1):15-21. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3t9TxEc

Oliveira DV, Antunes MD, Jordão AC, Oliveira RV, Freire GLM, Freire GLM, Bertolini SMMG, et al. Variáveis sociodemográficas como fatores intervenientes na motivação, autoestima e insatisfação corporal de idosas praticantes de hidroginástica. Saúde Desenv Humano. 2021;9(1):6021. https://doi.org/10.18316/sdh.v9i1.6021

Costa ACP, Torre MCMD, Alvarenga MS. Atitudes em relação ao exercício e insatisfação com a imagem corporal de frequentadores de academia. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte. 2015;29(3):453-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-55092015000300453

Craft BB, Carroll HA, Lustyk MKB. Gender differences in exercise habits and quality of life reports: assessing the moderating effects of reasons for exercise. Int J Lib Arts Soc Sci. 2014;2(5):65-76. PMID: 27668243; PMCID: PMC5033515

Albino ILR, Freitas CR, Teixeira AR, Gonçalves AK, Santos AMPV, Bós AJG. Influência do treinamento de força muscular e da flexibilidade articular sobre o equilíbrio corporal em idosas. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2012;15(1):17-25. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-98232012000100003

Santos RML, Albuquerque JMC, Moura SKMUF, Rosenstiel L, Rabay ALN, Silva CAN. Exercício físico ao ar livre, motivação e aderência: um estudo sobre a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas em mulheres. Rev Bras Cienc Saúde. 2015;19(Suppl 2):33-8. https://doi.org/10.4034/RBCS.2015.19.s2.05

Most read articles by the same author(s)