Burnout Syndrome in public school teachers in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil

Main Article Content

Maíra Cazeto Lopes de Souza
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7881-3413
Sérgio Roberto de Lucca

Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) in a sample of 107 elementary school teachers (cycle II and high school) in Sorocaba/SP and analyze possible associations of psychosocial and organizational factors at work with the dimensions of burnout. Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study, conducted through a selection of a convenience sample, which included 107 teachers from state schools in Sorocaba using the following criteria: having entered the public teaching career for at least one year and working predominantly as a teacher, that is, not having more hours in administrative positions. Data collection was conducted in eight schools in the city, and two forms were used, the “Maslach Burnout Inventarie-Educators Survey” (MBI-ES) and a biopsychosocial form. Pearson's chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed for data analysis, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: There was a prevalence of BS in 4.7% of teachers, with 29% of teachers showing high Emotional Exhaustion, 33.6% high Depersonalization and 18.7% low Professional Fulfillment. Positive associations were found between factors such as lack of recognition, dissatisfaction with work and situations of harassment with the dimensions of the BS. Conclusion: The results suggest a warning sign for illness characterized by burnout in the sample of teachers studied.



Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Souza MCL de, Lucca SR de. Burnout Syndrome in public school teachers in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Health Sci J [Internet]. 2021Dec.22 [cited 2024May1];11(4):29-6. Available from: https://portalrcs.hcitajuba.org.br/index.php/rcsfmit_zero/article/view/1127
Section
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Author Biographies

Maíra Cazeto Lopes de Souza, State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

2nd year Masters Degree Student in the Public Health Program at the Faculty of Medical Sciences at State University of Campinas (Unicamp). Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Sérgio Roberto de Lucca, State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Full Professor of the Graduate Programs in Public Health in the Health, Work & Environment research lines; Public Health and Mental Health. Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (Unicamp). Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

References

1. de Campos MF, Viegas MF (2021). Saúde mental no trabalho docente: um estudo sobre autonomia, intensificação e sobrecarga. Cadernos de Pesquisa. 2021; 28(2): 417-437. https://doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229 .v28n2.202132
2. Koga GKC, Melanda FN, dos Santos HG, Sant' Anna, FL, González AD, Mesas AE, de Andrade SM. Fatores associados a piores níveis na escala de Burnout em professores da educação básica. Cad Saúde Colet. 2015; 23(3):268-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462X201500030121
3. Carlotto MS, Câmara SG. Psychosocial risks associated with burnout syndrome among university professors. Av Psicol Latinoam. 2017;35(3):447-57. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.4036
4. Guarany AMB. Trabalho docente, carreira doente: a privatização, a lógica produtivista e a mercantilização na e da educação e seus efeitos sobre os docentes. Educ Escr. 2012 [cited 2021 Nov 12];3(1):26-40. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3F4Uq7i
5. Venco S. Uberization of work: a new phenomenon among schoolteachers in São Paulo State, Brazil? Cad Saude Publica. 2019;35Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e00207317. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00207317 PMid:31166381
6. Collado PA, Soria CB, Canafoglia E, Collado SA. Condiciones de trabajo y salud en docentes universitarios y de enseñanza media de Mendoza, Argentina: entre el compromiso y el desgaste emocional [Health and working conditions of high school and university teachers in Mendoza: between commitment and emotional distress]. Salud Colect. 2016;12(2):203-220. Spanish. https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2016.710 PMid:28414838
7. de Brito Mota AF, Giannini SPP, de Oliveira IB, Paparelli R, Dornelas R, Ferreira LP. Voice disorder and burnout syndrome in teachers. J Voice. 2019 Jul;33(4):581.e7-581.e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.01.022 PMid:30220529
8. Tostes MV, Albuquerque GSCD, Silva MJDS, Petterle RR. Sofrimento mental de professores do ensino público. Saúde Debate. 2018;42)116):87-99. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104201811607
9. Carlotto MS, Dias SRDS, Batista JBV, Diehl L. O papel mediador da autoeficácia na relação entre a sobrecarga de trabalho e as dimensões de Burnout em professores. Psico-USF. 2015;20(1):13-23. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712015200102
10. Cericato IL. Sentidos e significados da docência, segundo uma professora iniciante. Educ Real. 2017;42(2):729-46. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-623657738
11. Carvalho GL, Santos WL. Síndrome de Burnout em professores da Facesa-Faculdade de Ciências Educação Sena Aires. Rev Div Cient Sena Aires. 2016 [cited 2021 Nov 12];5(2):150-7. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3qrFqfU
12. Dalcin L, Carlotto MS. Avaliação de efeito de uma intervenção para a Síndrome de Burnout em professores. Psicol Esc Educ. 2018;22(1): 141-50. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-35392018013718
13. Maslach C, Jackson SE. The measurement of experienced burnout. J Org Behav. 1981;2(2):99-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205
14. Maslach C, Leiter MP. Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(2):103-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311 PMid:27265691 PMCid:PMC4911781
15. Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. CID: burnout é um fenômeno ocupacional [internet]. 2019 May 28 [cited 2021 Nov 12]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3c5QCX3
16. Carlotto MS, Câmara SG. Análise fatorial do Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) em uma amostra de professores de instituições particulares. Psicol Estud. 2004;9(3):499-505. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-73722004000300018
17. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach burnout inventory [internet]. 3th ed. Consulting Psychologists Press; 1999 [cited 2021 Nov 12]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3wHePfV
18. Lima da Silva JL, Cardoso de Lacerda Pereira L, Pereira Santos M, Alves Bezerra Bortolazzo PA, Gomes da Silva Rabelo T, Amaral Machado E. Prevalência da síndrome de Burnout entre professores da Escola Estadual em Niterói, Brasil. Enferm Actual Costa Rica. 2017;(34). https://doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i34.30262
19. De Oliveira Fleury LF, de Souza MA, de Jesus FPC, Formiga NS. Anomia, burnout e estratégia de coping: um estudo com professores da educação básica no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rev Contemp Educ. 2016;11(22):407-24. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3CeC1Dk
20. Carlotto MS, Braun AC, Rodriguez SYS, Diehl L. Burnout em professores: diferença e análise de gênero. Cont Clín. 2014; 7(1):86-93. https://doi.org/10.4013/ctc.2014.71.08
21. Araújo VA, Freire JM, de Oliveira MVM. Síndrome de Burnout em professores das escolas públicas do município de Buenópolis, MG. Rev Aten Saúde. 2017;15(52):5-10. https://doi.org/10.13037/ras.vol15n52.4391
22. Borba BMR, Diehl L, dos Santos AS, Monteiro JK, Marin AH. Síndrome de Burnout em professores: estudo comparativo entre o ensino público e privado. Psicol Argum. 2017;33(80):270-81. https://doi.org/10.7213/psicol.argum.33.080.AO04
23. Carlotto MS, Câmara SG. Prevalence and predictors of Burnout Syndrome among public elementary school teachers. Anal Psicolol. 2019;37(2):135-46. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1471
24. Martínez Ramón JP. Cómo se defiende el profesorado de secundaria del estrés: burnout y estrategias de afrontamiento. J Work Organ Psycholol. 2015; 31(1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2015.02.001
25. Sousa LPD, Guedes DR. A desigual divisão sexual do trabalho: um olhar sobre a última década. Estud Av. 2016;30(87):123-39. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-40142016.30870008
26. Wang Y, Ramos A, Wu H, Liu L, Yang X, Wang J, Wang L. Relationship between occupational stress and burnout among Chinese teachers: a cross-sectional survey in Liaoning, China. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015;88(5):589-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-014-0987-9 PMid:25256806
27. Hirata G, Oliveira JBA, Mereb TM. Professores: quem são, onde trabalham, quanto ganham. Ensaio Aval Pol Públ Educ. 2019;27(102):179-203. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-40362018002701888
28. Marenco-Escuderos AD, Ávila-Toscano JH. Dimensiones de apoyo social asociadas con síndrome de burnout en docentes de media académica. Pensam Psicol. 2016;14(2):7-18. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javerianacali.PPSI14-2.dasa
29. Dolton P, Marcenaro O, Vries RD, She PW. Varkey Foundation Global teacher staus Index 2018. [internet] [cited 2021 Nov 12]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/30kAiip
30. Bernotaite L, Malinauskiene V. Workplace bullying and mental health among teachers in relation to psychosocial job characteristics and burnout. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2017;30(4):629-40. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00943 PMid:28584320
31. Silva JPD, Fischer FM. Invasão multiforme da vida pelo trabalho entre professores de educação básica e repercussões sobre a saúde. Rev Saúde Pública. 2020;54:03. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001547
32. Carlotto MS, Câmara SG, Oliveira METD. Intenção de abandono profissional entre professores: o papel dos estressores ocupacionais. Rev Bras Educ. 2019;24:e240028. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-24782019240028
33. Guerreiro NP, Nunes EDFPA, González AD, Mesas AE. Perfil sociodemográfico, condiciones y cargas de trabajo de maestros de la red estadual de enseño de un municipio de la región Sur de Brasil. Trab Educ Saúde. 2016;14 (Suppl 1):197-217. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00027
34. Araújo TMD, Pinho PDS, Masson MLV. Trabalho e saúde de professoras e professores no Brasil: reflexões sobre trajetórias das investigações, avanços e desafios. Cad Saude Publica. 2019;35Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e00087318. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00087318 PMid:31166380
35. McMichael AJ. Standardized mortality ratios and the" healthy worker effect": Scratching beneath the surface. J Occup Med. 1976;18(3):165-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-197603000-00009 PMid:1255276