The relationship between overweight and female infertility
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Published:
Dec 22, 2021
Keywords:
female infertility, mediterranean diet, obesity, overweight, polycystic ovary syndrome
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Abstract
Excessive weight seems to negatively influence fertility, and as it is a modifiable factor, understanding this relationship can contribute to infertility treatment. Adipose tissue is responsible for releasing several hormones and cytokines related to the reproductive system, such as leptin, TNF-a, and Interleukin-6, substances that can negatively impact female fertility. Additionally, a woman's diet and lifestyle can influence body weight and fertility. Food consumption, characterized by a high intake of foods with high energy density, high levels of sugar, saturated fat, and poor nutrients, as well as physical inactivity, can favor excessive weight. Thus, losing body weight obtained through a healthy diet associated with physical activity may restore fertility in overweight women.
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1.
Costa MM da, Andrade CB, Soares FVG, Belfort GP. The relationship between overweight and female infertility. Health Sci J [Internet]. 2021Dec.22 [cited 2024May8];11(4):3-10. Available from: https://portalrcs.hcitajuba.org.br/index.php/rcsfmit_zero/article/view/1167
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References
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19. Panth N, Gavarkovs A, Tamez M, Mattei J. The influence of diet on fertility and the implications for public health nutrition in the United States. Front Public Health. 2018;6:211. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00211 PMid:30109221 PMCid:PMC6079277
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21. Clinical Practice Guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence 2008 Update Panel, Liaisons, and Staff. A clinical practice guideline for treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. A U.S. Public Health Service report. Am J Prev Med. 2008;35(2):158-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.009 PMid:18617085 PMCid:PMC4465757
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24. Legro RS, Dodson WC, Kris-Etherton PM, Kunselman AR, Stetter CM, Williams NI et al. Randomized controlled trial of preconception interventions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(11):4048-58. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2778 PMid:26401593 PMCid:PMC4702450
25. Teitelman M, Grotegut CA, Williams NN, Lewis JD. The impact of bariatric surgery on menstrual patterns. Obes Surg. 2006;16(11):1457-63. https://doi.org/10.1381/096089206778870148 PMid:17132411
26. Cucó G, Fernández-Ballart J, Sala J, Viladrich C, Iranzo R, Vila J, et al. Dietary patterns and associated lifestyles in preconception, pregnancy and postpartum. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(3):364-71. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602324 PMid:16340954
27. Jahangirifar M, Taebi M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Askari GH. Dietary patterns and the outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques in women with primary infertility: a prospective cohort study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019;12(4):316-23. https://doi.org/10.22074/ijfs.2019.5373 PMid:30291693 PMCid:PMC6186288
28. Azadi-Yazdi M, Karimi-Zarchi M , Salehi-Abargouei A ,Fallahzadeh H, Nadjarzadeh A. Effects of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet on androgens, antioxidant status and body composition in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017;30(3):275-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12433 PMid:28466507
29. Appel JL, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, Vollmer WM, Svetkley LP, Sacks FM, et al. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(16):1117-24. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199704173361601 PMid:9099655
30. Cambiaghi AS, Rosa DS. Fertilidade e alimentação: Guia alimentar para homens e mulheres que desejam preservar ou melhorar sua fertilidade. 1st ed. São Paulo: La Vida; 2012. 310 p. ISBN: 8598127183.
31. Fontana R, Della Torre S. The deep correlation between energy metabolism and reproduction: a view on the effects of nutrition for women fertility. Nutrients. 2016;8(2):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020087 PMid:26875986 PMCid:PMC4772050
32. Marcelino G, Hiane PA, Freitas KC, Santana LF, Pott A, Donadon JR et al. Efects of olive oil and its minor components on cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Nutrients. 2019;11(8):1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081826 PMid:31394805 PMCid:PMC6722810
33. Willet CW, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Dresher G, Ferro-Luzi A, Helsing E, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Nutr. 1995;61(suppl 1):S1402-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1402S PMid:7754995
34. Vujkovic M, de Vries JH, Lindemans J, Macklon NS, van der Spek PJ, Steegers EA, Steegers-Theunissen RP. The preconception Mediterranean dietary pattern in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment increases the chance of pregnancy. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(6):2096-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.079 PMid:20189169
35. Toledo E, Lopez-del Burgo C, Ruiz-Zambrana A, Donazar M, Navarro-Blasco I, Martínez-González MA, de Irala J. Dietary patterns and difficulty conceiving: a nested case-control study. Fertil Steril. 2011;96(5):1149-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.08.034 PMid:21943725
36. Sakhaei R, Shahvazi S, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Samadi M, Khatibi N, Nadjarzadeh A, Zare F, Salehi-Abargouei A. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Style Diet and an alternative mediterranean diet are differently associated with serum inflammatory markers in female adults. Food Nutr Bull. 2018;39(3):361-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572118783950 PMid:29969908
37. Estruch R, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella DD, Basora-Gallisá J, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, et al. Effects of dietary fibre intake on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in subjects at high risk. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009;63(7):582-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.082214 PMid:19289389
38. Azadbakht L, Surkan PJ, Esmaillzadeh A, Willett WC. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension eating plan affects C-reactive protein, coagulation abnormalities, and hepatic function tests among type 2 diabetic patients. J Nutr. 2011;141(6):1083-8. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.136739 PMid:21525259 PMCid:PMC3137257
39. Asemi Z, Esmaillzadeh A. DASH diet, insulin resistance, and serum hs-CRP in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Horm Metab Res. 2015;47(3):232-8. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1376990 PMid:24956415
40. Christina G Campbell, Blakely D Brown, Danielle Dufner, William G Thorland. Effects of soy or milk protein durign a high-fat feeding challenge on oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipids in healthy men. Lipids. 2006;41(3):257-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-006-5095-5 PMid:16711600
2. Silvestris E, Lovero D, Palmirotta R. Nutrition and female fertility: an interdependent correlation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;10:346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00346 PMid:31231310 PMCid:PMC6568019
3. Sociedade Brasileira de Reprodução Assistida [Internet]. Movimento da Fertilidade [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3DFbIYG
4. Frey KA, Patel KS. Initial evaluation and management of infertility by the primary care physician. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004 Nov;79(11):1439-43; quiz 1443. https://doi.org/10.4065/79.11.1439 PMid:15544024
5. Brasil, Ministério da Saúde, Vigitel Brasil 2019: Vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico [Internet]. Brasília, DF: Ministério da Saúde; 2020 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3vsWmkQ
6. Oliveira JB. Obesity and Reproduction. JBRA Assist Reprod. 2016;20(4):194. https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20160037 PMid:28050951 PMCid:PMC5265615
7. Fichman V, Costa RS, Miglioli TC, Marinheiro LP. Association of obesity and anovulatory infertility. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2020;18:eAO5150 https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020AO5150 PMid:32159605 PMCid:PMC7053827
8. World Health Organization Obesity and overweight [Internet]. New York: WHO [update 2021 Jun 21; cited 2021 Nov 20]. Avaiable from: https://bit.ly/3nCjQ6k
9. Giviziez CR, Sanchez EG, Approbato MS, Maia MC, Fleury EA, Sasaki RS. Obesity and anovulatory infertility: A review. JBRA Assist Reprod. 2016;20(4):240-5. https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20160046 PMid:28050960 PMCid:PMC5265624
10. Pasquali R, Patton L, Gambineri A. Obesity and infertility. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2007;14(6):482-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0b013e3282f1d6cb PMid:17982356
11. Broughton DE, Moley KH. Obesity and female infertility: potential mediators of obesity's impact. Fertil Steril. 2017;107(4):840-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.01.017 PMid:28292619
12. Gambineri A, Laudisio D, Marocco C, Radellini S, Colao A, Savastano S; Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) group. Female infertility: which role for obesity? Int J Obes Suppl. 2019;9(1):65-72. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41367-019-0009-1 PMid:31391925 PMCid:PMC6683114
13. Koga F, Kitagami S, Izumi A, Uemura T, Takayama O, Koga T, Mizoguchi T. Relationship between nutrition and reproduction. Reprod Med Biol. 2020;19(3):254-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12332 PMid:32684824 PMCid:PMC7360971
14. Martin M Matzuk, Dolores JL. The biology of infertility: research advances and clinical challenges. Nat Med. 2008;14(6):1197-213. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.f.1895 PMid:18989307 PMCid:PMC3786590
15. Dağ ZÖ, Dilbaz B. Impact of obesity on infertility in women. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2015;16(2):111-7. https://doi.org/10.5152/jtgga.2015.15232 PMid:26097395 PMCid:PMC4456969
16. Costa EC, Soares EM, Lemos TM, Maranhão TM, Azevedo GD. Índices de obesidade central e fatores de risco cardiovascular na síndrome dos ovários policísticos. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;94(5):633-8 [Portuguese]. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2010005000029 PMid:20428724
17. Federação Brasileira das Associações de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (FEBRASGO). Síndrome dos ovários policísticos. São Paulo: Febrasgo; 2018.
18. Rehme MF, Pontes AG, Corrente JE, Franco JG Jr, Pontes A. Contribuição do hiperandrogenismo para o desenvolvimento de síndrome metabólica em mulheres obesas com síndrome dos ovários policísticos. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2013;35(12):562-8 [Portuguese]. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032013001200006 PMid:24500511
19. Panth N, Gavarkovs A, Tamez M, Mattei J. The influence of diet on fertility and the implications for public health nutrition in the United States. Front Public Health. 2018;6:211. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00211 PMid:30109221 PMCid:PMC6079277
20. American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 462: moderate caffeine consumption during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(2 Pt 1): 467-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181eeb2a1 PMid:20664420
21. Clinical Practice Guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence 2008 Update Panel, Liaisons, and Staff. A clinical practice guideline for treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. A U.S. Public Health Service report. Am J Prev Med. 2008;35(2):158-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.009 PMid:18617085 PMCid:PMC4465757
22. Coutinho JG, Gentil PC, Toral N. A desnutrição e obesidade no Brasil: o enfrentamento com base na agenda única da nutrição. Cad Saúde Pública. 2008;24(2):332-40. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2008001400018 PMid:18670713
23. González Rodríguez LG, López Sobaler AM, Perea Sánchez JM, Ortega RM. Nutrición y fertilidade. Nutr. Hosp. 2018;35(Spec No6):7-10. [Spanish] https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.2279 PMid:30351153
24. Legro RS, Dodson WC, Kris-Etherton PM, Kunselman AR, Stetter CM, Williams NI et al. Randomized controlled trial of preconception interventions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(11):4048-58. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2778 PMid:26401593 PMCid:PMC4702450
25. Teitelman M, Grotegut CA, Williams NN, Lewis JD. The impact of bariatric surgery on menstrual patterns. Obes Surg. 2006;16(11):1457-63. https://doi.org/10.1381/096089206778870148 PMid:17132411
26. Cucó G, Fernández-Ballart J, Sala J, Viladrich C, Iranzo R, Vila J, et al. Dietary patterns and associated lifestyles in preconception, pregnancy and postpartum. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(3):364-71. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602324 PMid:16340954
27. Jahangirifar M, Taebi M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Askari GH. Dietary patterns and the outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques in women with primary infertility: a prospective cohort study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019;12(4):316-23. https://doi.org/10.22074/ijfs.2019.5373 PMid:30291693 PMCid:PMC6186288
28. Azadi-Yazdi M, Karimi-Zarchi M , Salehi-Abargouei A ,Fallahzadeh H, Nadjarzadeh A. Effects of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet on androgens, antioxidant status and body composition in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017;30(3):275-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12433 PMid:28466507
29. Appel JL, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, Vollmer WM, Svetkley LP, Sacks FM, et al. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(16):1117-24. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199704173361601 PMid:9099655
30. Cambiaghi AS, Rosa DS. Fertilidade e alimentação: Guia alimentar para homens e mulheres que desejam preservar ou melhorar sua fertilidade. 1st ed. São Paulo: La Vida; 2012. 310 p. ISBN: 8598127183.
31. Fontana R, Della Torre S. The deep correlation between energy metabolism and reproduction: a view on the effects of nutrition for women fertility. Nutrients. 2016;8(2):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020087 PMid:26875986 PMCid:PMC4772050
32. Marcelino G, Hiane PA, Freitas KC, Santana LF, Pott A, Donadon JR et al. Efects of olive oil and its minor components on cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Nutrients. 2019;11(8):1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081826 PMid:31394805 PMCid:PMC6722810
33. Willet CW, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Dresher G, Ferro-Luzi A, Helsing E, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Nutr. 1995;61(suppl 1):S1402-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1402S PMid:7754995
34. Vujkovic M, de Vries JH, Lindemans J, Macklon NS, van der Spek PJ, Steegers EA, Steegers-Theunissen RP. The preconception Mediterranean dietary pattern in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment increases the chance of pregnancy. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(6):2096-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.079 PMid:20189169
35. Toledo E, Lopez-del Burgo C, Ruiz-Zambrana A, Donazar M, Navarro-Blasco I, Martínez-González MA, de Irala J. Dietary patterns and difficulty conceiving: a nested case-control study. Fertil Steril. 2011;96(5):1149-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.08.034 PMid:21943725
36. Sakhaei R, Shahvazi S, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Samadi M, Khatibi N, Nadjarzadeh A, Zare F, Salehi-Abargouei A. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Style Diet and an alternative mediterranean diet are differently associated with serum inflammatory markers in female adults. Food Nutr Bull. 2018;39(3):361-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572118783950 PMid:29969908
37. Estruch R, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella DD, Basora-Gallisá J, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, et al. Effects of dietary fibre intake on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in subjects at high risk. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009;63(7):582-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.082214 PMid:19289389
38. Azadbakht L, Surkan PJ, Esmaillzadeh A, Willett WC. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension eating plan affects C-reactive protein, coagulation abnormalities, and hepatic function tests among type 2 diabetic patients. J Nutr. 2011;141(6):1083-8. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.136739 PMid:21525259 PMCid:PMC3137257
39. Asemi Z, Esmaillzadeh A. DASH diet, insulin resistance, and serum hs-CRP in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Horm Metab Res. 2015;47(3):232-8. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1376990 PMid:24956415
40. Christina G Campbell, Blakely D Brown, Danielle Dufner, William G Thorland. Effects of soy or milk protein durign a high-fat feeding challenge on oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipids in healthy men. Lipids. 2006;41(3):257-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-006-5095-5 PMid:16711600