Intestinal Microbiota and Sclerosis Lateral Amyotrophic
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Published:
Mar 29, 2022
Keywords:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, dysbiosis, gut microbiota, neurodegenerative diseases
Main Article Content
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract contains numerous microorganisms. This intestinal microbiota (IM) has a mutualistic relationship with the human organism, and it plays a fundamental role in regulating metabolic, endocrine, and immunological functions. Intestinal dysbiosis is associated with phenotypes of many chronic and inflammatory diseases. This association is explained by the functions of the IM and the existing bi-directional communication of the microbiota-intestine-brain axis. Studies have uncovered new evidence between the IM and neurodegenerative diseases recently, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Given this, the present narrative review discusses didactically about IM, its functions, its relationship with the neuroimmune-endocrine system, and its association with neurodegenerative diseases, with emphasis on ALS.
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1.
Vilar MD de C, Vale SH de L, Rosado EL, Dourado Júnior MET, Brandão-Neto J, Leite-Lais L. Intestinal Microbiota and Sclerosis Lateral Amyotrophic. Health Sci J [Internet]. 2022Mar.29 [cited 2024Apr.26];12(1):3-13. Available from: https://portalrcs.hcitajuba.org.br/index.php/rcsfmit_zero/article/view/1223
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NARRATIVE REVIEW
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13. den Besten G, van Eunen K, Groen AK, Venema K, Reijngoud DJ, Bakker BM. The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism. J Lipid Res. 2013;54(9):2325-40. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R036012
14. Venegas DP, la Fuente MK, Landskron G, González MJ, Quera R, Dijkstra G, et al. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-mediated gut epithelial and immune regulation and its relevance for inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Immunol. 2019;20:277. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00277
15. Amoroso C, Perillo F, Strati F, Fantini MC, Caprioli F, Facciotti F. The role of gut microbiota biomodulators on mucosal immunity and intestinal inflammation. Cells. 2020;9(5):1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051234
16. Yadav M, Verma MK, Chauhan NS. A review of metabolic potential of human gut microbiome in human nutrition. Arch Microbiol. 2018;200(2):203-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1459-x
17. Tan J, McKenzie C, Potamitis M, Thorburn AN, Mackay CR, Macia L. The role of short-chain fatty acids in health and disease. Adv Immunol. 2014;121:91-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800100-4.00003-9
18. Liu H, Wang J, He T, Becker S, Zhang G, Li D, et al. Butyrate: A double-edged sword for health? Adv Nutr. 2018;9(1):21-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmx009
19. Lin MY, de Zoete MR, van Putten JP, Strijbis K. Redirection of epithelial immune responses by short-chain fatty acids through inhibition of histone deacetylases. Front Immunol. 2015;6:554. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00554
20. Li M, van Esch BCAM, Henricks PAJ, Folkerts G, Garssen J. The anti-inflammatory effects of short chain fatty acids on lipopolysaccharide- or tumor necrosis factor α-stimulated endothelial cells via activation of GPR41/43 and inhibition of HDACs. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:533. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00533
21. Yang G, Chen S, Deng B, Tan C, Deng J, Zhu G, et al. Implication of G protein-coupled receptor 43 in intestinal inflammation: a mini-review. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1434. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01434
22. Tazoe H, Otomo Y, Kaji I, Tanaka R, Karaki SI, Kuwahara A. Roles of short-chain fatty acids receptors, GPR41 and GPR43 on colonic functions. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008;59 (Suppl 2):251-62. PMID: 18812643
23. Gaboriau-Routhiau V, Rakotobe S, Lécuyer E, Mulder I, Lan A, Bridonneau C, et al. The key role of segmented filamentous bacteria in the coordinated maturation of gut helper T cell responses. Immunity. 2009;31(4):677-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.020
24. Marietta E, Horwath I, Taneja V. Microbiome, immunomodulation, and the neuronal system. Neurotherapeutics. 2018;15:23-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-017-0601-4
25. Corrêa-Oliveira R, Fachi JL, Vieira A, Sato FT, Vinolo MA. Regulation of immune cell function by short-chain fatty acids. Clin Transl Immunology. 2016;5(4):e73. https://doi.org/10.1038/cti.2016.17
26. Wang HX; Wang YP. Gut microbiota-brain axis. Chin Med J. 2016;129(19):2372-2380. https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.190667
27. Gagliardi A, Totino V, Cacciotti F, Iebba V, Neroni B, Bonfiglio G, et al. Rebuilding the gut microbiota ecosystem. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(8):1679. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081679
28. Benakis C, Martin-Gallausiaux C, Trezzi JP, Melton P, Liesz A, Wilmes P. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in acute and chronic brain diseases. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2020;61:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2019.11.009
29. Sasmita AO. Modification of the gut microbiome to combat neurodegeneration. Rev. Neurosci. 2019;30:795-805. https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0005
30. Di Gioia D, Cionci NB, Baffoni L, Amoruso A, Pane M, Mogna L, et al. A prospective longitudinal study on the microbiota composition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. BMC Med. 2020;18(1):153. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01607-9
31. van Es MA, Hardiman O, Chio A, Al-Chalabi A, Pasterkamp RJ, Veldink JH, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet. 2017;390(10107):2084-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31287-4
32. Gois AM, Mendonça DMF, Freire MAM, Santos JR. In vitro and in vivo models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an updated overview. Brain Res Bull. 2020;159:32-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.03.012
33. Bonifacino T, Zerbo RA, Balbi M, Torazza C, Frumento G, Fedele E, et al. Nearly 30 years of animal models to study amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a historical overview and future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(22):12236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212236
34. Wu S, Yi J, Zhang YG, Zhou J, Sun J. Leaky intestine and impaired microbiome in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model. Physiol Rep. 2015;3(4):e12356. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12356
35. Fang X, Wang X, Yang S, Meng F, Wang X, Wei H, et al. Evaluation of the microbial diversity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using high-throughput sequencing. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:1479. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01479
36. Bourassa MW, Alim I, Bultman SJ, Ratan RR. Butyrate, neuroepigenetics and the gut microbiome: Can a high fiber diet improve brain health? Neurosci Lett. 2016;625:56-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.009
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