Prevalência de Hipertensão Arterial e seus Fatores de Risco Associados em Adolescentes nas Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família em um Município de Minas Gerais / Hypertension Prevalence and its Associated Risk Factors in Adolescents in Health Strategy Units of Family in a City in Minas Gerais
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Abstract
Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de adolescentes e seus fatores de risco, associados em uma população de hipertensos, atendidos em Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), no município de Itajubá/MG. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, do tipo pesquisa de campo e de perfil populacional, na qual foram analisados 225 prontuários de pacientes e fichas do programa do Ministério da Saúde HIPERDIA, nas ESF, diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), de janeiro de 2012 até dezembro de 2014. Resultados: Foram encontrados 13 prontuários (5,7%) de adolescentes diagnosticados com HAS entre 12 e 20 anos. Oito (61,5%) do sexo masculino e cinco (38,5%) do sexo feminino. Seis (46%) eram obesos, nove (69,2%) possuíam dietas hipercalóricas, sete (53,8%) adicionavam sal nos alimentos, cinco (38,4%) apresentavam história de familiar de HAS, sete (53,8%) eram sedentários e três (23%) portadores de outras doenças associadas. Conclusão: A HAS em adolescentes nas Unidades de ESF de Itajubá/MG teve baixa prevalência. Dentre os fatores de risco, sedentarismo, dieta hipercalórica e adição de sal se apresentaram como os mais prevalentes.
Palavras-chave: Prevalência, Hipertensão, Adolescente
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the prevalence of adolescents and its risk factors in a hypertensive population registered in Family Health Strategy (FHS) Units in the city of Itajubá/MG. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, field and populational-type study, which examined 225 patient charts and records of the Health Ministry program HIPERDIA, registered in FHS Units with the diagnosis of hypertension, from January 2012 to December 2014. Results: Thirteen adolescents aged 12 to 20 years with hypertension were found (5.7%). Eight (61.5%) were male and five (38.4%) female. Six were obese (46%), nine (69.2%) with hypercaloric diets, seven (53.8%) added salt in their food, five (38.4%) had a family history of hypertension, seven (53.8%) were sedentaries and three (23%) had associated illnesses. Conclusion: Hypertension in adolescents in ESF Units of Itajubá/MG showed low prevalence. Among the risk factors analyzed, sedentary lifestyle, high calorie diet and alimentary salt addition were most prevalent.
Keywords: Prevalence, Hypertension, Adolescent
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