Effects of supplementation with probiotics on patients with the human immunodeficiency virus: a systematic review.
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Abstract
Objective: It is known that certain microorganisms improve the function of the intestinal barrier, which in turn is affected by infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This review aimed to identify the possible effects of supplementation with probiotics on patients affected by HIV. Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and Lilacs databases published in English, from 2008 to 2018, with the descriptors “probiotics” AND “HIV” were used. Randomized clinical trials carried out on adult individuals with HIV who used probiotics were included. Non-original articles and works in a language other than English, animal and in vitro studies, studies on pregnant women, infants and people under the age of 18 years were excluded. Results: Of the 149 articles found, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The main strains used were of the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The main findings of the studies were related to the reduction of bacterial translocation and inflammation, increase in the number of CD4 + T cells and reduction of D-dimer, as well as improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions: There is evidence that supplementation with probiotics can be recommended in clinical practice as an adjunct to antiretroviral therapy. Due to the complexity of the subject, the scarcity and heterogeneity of the studies, further works are needed in order to determine strains, intervention time, dosages, and the effectiveness of probiotics in HIV-infected patients.
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