Impactos do exercício aeróbico em crianças com diagnóstico de asma: revisão integrativa
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Objetivo: Identificar quais os impactos do exercício aeróbico na saúde da criança com asma, buscando conhecer protocolos de programas de reabilitação e seus impactos. Métodos: Foram selecionados ensaios clínicos publicados de 2010 a 2020, filtrado pelos descritores: ‘asthma’, ‘exercise’ ou ‘physical training’, ‘children’ ou ‘adolescents’ e ‘quality of life’. Resultados: Foram incluídos 19 artigos; a duração dos programas variou de 4 a 24 semanas, sendo de 2 a 6 vezes por semana, com as sessões variando de 30 min a 1h10min e intensidade de 40% a 100% da Frequência Cardíaca Máxima. Os estudos avaliaram força, capacidade e função pulmonar, mediadores inflamatórios, qualidade de vida e controle da asma. As intervenções aeróbicas possibilitaram a melhora da capacidade cardiorrespiratória, da ação intracelular de antioxidantes, da qualidade de vida e controle da doença. Resultados significativos foram encontrados em protocolos com exercícios lúdicos realizados por 60 min, três vezes por semana e por pelo menos 12 semanas. Conclusão: A facilidade na reprodução dos protocolos pode proporcionar maior cobertura de atendimento e reabilitação, que a longo prazo podem auxiliar na redução do índice de internação, custo e demanda hospitalar por agudizações graves.
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