Alterações do sono durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia de Covid-19 em indivíduos com doenças respiratórias crônicas
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Objetivo: Analisar e comparar o impacto do isolamento social devido à pandemia de COVID-19 nos parâmetros do sono. Método: Em uma coorte prospectiva de 1 ano, os indivíduos foram avaliados quanto à função pulmonar (por meio da espirometria), dados demográficos e clínicos e avaliação objetiva do sono, realizada por meio de actigrafia durante 7 dias consecutivos em duas visitas: visita 1 (período de isolamento social rigoroso) e visita 2 (após relaxamento das medidas de isolamento social) em indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica estável (DPOC), asma e doença pulmonar intersticial (DPI), todos sem COVID-19. Resultado: Foram incluídos 36 indivíduos (12 com DPOC, 10 com asma e 14 com DPI). Houve piora significativa na qualidade do sono na visita 2 em comparação à visita 1 nas três doenças, principalmente nos parâmetros de eficiência do sono, fragmentação e tempo de vigília após o início do sono; no entanto, a quantidade do sono não mudou. Os indivíduos com DPI apresentaram variação menor tanto na quantidade quanto na duração dos blocos de vigília em comparação aos indivíduos com as outras duas doenças, indicando menor fragmentação do sono. Conclusão: Independentemente da doença (DPOC, asma ou DPI), os indivíduos portadores dessas condições respiratórias crônicas que não foram infectados pela COVID-19 apresentaram piora na qualidade do sono após o período de isolamento social. Indivíduos com DPI parecem ter sido menos afetados quanto à fragmentação do sono quando comparados àqueles com as outras doenças.
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