Uma análise crítica sobre o suposto papel da azitromicina no tratamento da covid-19
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Resumo
Após mais de um ano, a doença coronavírus 2019 (covid-19) ainda afeta milhões de pessoas. Por esta razão, os esforços globais para promover um melhor tratamento para covid-19 têm sido realizados com foco no reaproveitamento de medicamentos existentes. No Brasil, a azitromicina, um antibiótico de amplo espectro, tem sido utilizada em associação com outras drogas como agente imunomodulador, antiinflamatório e antiviral, independentemente da coinfecção bacteriana. De fato, dados de estudos experimentais demonstraram a capacidade dessa droga em reduzir a produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias induzidas por infecção, como IL-8, IL-6 e TNF-alfa. No entanto, estudos observacionais revelaram resultados conflitantes quanto ao seu efeito, ao passo que ensaios clínicos bem conduzidos não demonstraram um efeito considerável desse agente na melhora dos desfechos clínicos. Esta revisão narrativa teve como objetivo abordar o possível papel desse antibiótico no tratamento de covid-19, com base em dados de estudos clínicos e pré-clínicos.
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